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Archive for November, 2008

CnP: Risk Management is Useless

Thursday, November 13th, 2008

This weeks Case ‘n Point looks at the question on all our minds, “Is risk management doing its job?” Our real-world example isn’t based on just one story. We’ve encountered this scenario so many times that we’ve provided the quintessential example. As always, the names have been changed to protect the innocent parties.

The Risk Victim

Jake’s General Contracting employs Steve Shaky as a full-time risk manager. His responsibility is to eliminate or control risk wherever it may lie. Steve Shaky properly identified that subcontractors not complying with insurance requirements is a large risk exposure. Steve wrote up a formal process for confirming that Jake’s General Contracting is named as an additional insured on all subcontractors’ general liability insurance policies. The secretary, Annie Anderson, whose job it is to approve certificates, has read the process written by Steve and understands that Jake’s General Contracting must be named additional insured on the certificate of insurance.

The Risk Impact

One day, Annie received a certificate from Don’s Plumbing, a subcontractor. The description box of the certificate read:

The certificate also had an additional insured endorsement attached, which read:

Blanket Additional Insured - As Required by Written Contract

Annie reviewed Steve’s formal process checklist, which was very clear:

The certificate of insurance description box must read: “Jake’s General Contracting is named as general liability additional insured.”

Since Annie didn’t see the required text, she sent a letter to Don’s Plumbing outlining what needed to be changed. Later that day, Don’s insurance broker called to explain that the additional insured endorsement on Don’s insurance policy is a blanket endorsement. It will cover Jake’s GC as an additional insured as long as there is a contract between the parties that requires it.  Annie quickly replied “All I care about is that the certificate says ‘Jake’s General Contracting is named as general liability additional insured.’ That is a direct command from our risk manager.”
The Lesson
Don’s broker tried to explain that the required text was meaningless.  In fact, just about anything written directly on the Acord 25 - Certificate of Liability Insurance is meaningless.  The form even says so:

Top of page 1

THIS CERTIFICATE IS ISSUED AS A MATTER OF INFORMATION ONLY AND CONFERS NO RIGHTS UPON THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER. THIS CERTIFICATE DOES NOT AMEND, EXTEND OR ALTER THE COVERAGE AFFORDED BY THE POLICIES BELOW.

Top of page 2

If the certificate holder is an ADDITIONAL INSURED,  the policy(ies) must be endorsed. A statement on this certificate does not confer rights to the certificate holder in lieu of such endorsement(s).

Only a proper contract will trigger the automatic additional insured endorsement in Don’s Plumbing’s policy. Since Annie was only concerned with satisfying her risk manager, she accepted the “revised” certificate fully aware that Jake’s General Contracting might not be an additional insured. Should a large loss occur at the job site, Jake’s General Contracting might not have the coverage they thought they did.

We’ve seen this countless times. The risk manager or owner is concerned about risk, while employees only care about satisfying a requirement handed to them from above. If something goes wrong, the employees defer blame and say they were following orders.  In the end, no one wins.  Until a culture of risk awareness is spread to all levels of the organization, these types of problems will continue.  By properly training employees and giving them access to proper resources, employers can help them seek out answers on their own and truly combat risk.  So, is risk management doing its job? It can if all employees become responsible for risk in their department.

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CnP: Construction Change Orders

Thursday, November 6th, 2008

This weeks Case ‘n Point (and first ever) reveals the painful truth about being too relaxed with risk control. The lesson of our story illustrates how Enterprise Risk Management is shadowed by its own success. As always, the names of those involved have been changed.

The Risk Victim
Xcavator Inc has been in operation for just under a decade. Its strong reputation places it on top of local GCs’ calling lists when excavation and grading work is needed. Unfortunately, management is a bit closed-minded to installing risk control procedures.  Xcavator Inc has been lucky during its last few years of growth and has grown a little cavalier, mostly due to effects of the success paradox. But all games of Russian Roulette must come to an end.

The Risk Impact
While grading for a public works project, Xcavator Inc hired a third-party to off haul dirt from the construction site. The expense for off hauling dirt wasn’t part of the original contract, but Xcavator received a verbal change order from the public agency’s construction manager to incur the extra cost.

The bill for off hauling came to $20,000 and Xcavator Inc added the additional expense to its next invoice. But the public angency rejected the extra cost, stating that it hadn’t approved the change order. Xcavator Inc tried to produce a valid change request, but since the order was verbal, none could be produced. And to compound matters, the construction manager who had given that verbal order was no longer with the agency.

The Lesson
Faced to absorb the $20,000 expense, Xcavator Inc management set out to lay blame. Ultimately, the superintendent had blame for ordering the hauling company to begin work. With proper controls, there should have been at least two responsible parties: the superintendent making a request and the project manager approving the request.  Lack of a written change request should have been a red flag for one or the other responsible parties. This weakness would have been uncovered by the MyRiskControl system during a review of the Contract Non-compliance risk factor.

This story helps illustrate how Enterprise Risk Management shadows its own success. Xcavator Inc learned a hard lesson. Whether it begins to get serious about installing risk controls has yet to be seen. But even if it does, the reward for installing controls after a disaster is greatly reduced. However, if the controls were in place from day 1, we would never know the value Enterprise Risk Management can have.

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